UPSC GS Notes
UPSC Optional Subjects & Resources
The UPSC Civil Services Main Examination allows candidates to choose one optional subject. Below is the list of available optional subjects. Detailed notes and syllabus links for popular optionals are provided further down.
Notes & Syllabus for Optional Subjects
Commerce Optional
Geography Optional
Geology Optional
History Optional
Law Optional
Maths Optional
Medical Science Optional
Philosophy Optional
Physics Optional
PSIR Optional
Psychology Optional
Sociology Optional
Zoology Optional
Economics Optional
Agriculture Optional
Anthropology Optional
Botany Optional
Chemistry Optional
Civil Engineering Optional
Management Optional
Mechanical Engineering
Public Administration
Statistics Optional
Electrical Engineering
Animal Husbandry & V.Sc.
Prelims PYQs Research Notes
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Geography PYQ
2013-2024
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2013-2024
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2013-2024
View AnalysisCurrent Affairs PYQ
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View AnalysisDaily Current Affairs Digest
New Supreme Court Ruling on Data Privacy
May 17, 2025
A landmark judgment by the Supreme Court has expanded the scope of the Right to Privacy concerning digital data. Key implications for citizens and tech companies.
View DetailsReport on Himalayan Glacier Melt Alarming
May 16, 2025
A recent UN report highlights accelerated melting of Himalayan glaciers, posing severe risks to water security and increasing disaster vulnerability in South Asia.
View DetailsGeopolitical Shift in Indo-Pacific
May 15, 2025
Analysis of the new trilateral security pact and its implications for regional stability. Key focus on maritime security and economic corridors.
View DetailsBreakthrough in Quantum Computing
May 15, 2025
Indian researchers achieve a significant milestone in qubit stability, paving the way for faster and more powerful computational capabilities
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